According to the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (www.acea.auto), the motor vehicle fleet in the European Union in 2021 consists of 249.6 million passenger cars and more than 36.7 million commercial vehicles and buses. In 2021, the passenger car fleet in the EU increased by 1.2% compared to 2020. This increase in transportation loads has a […]

The structure of mineral-asphalt mixtures (MMA) is in some cases considered a three-component system consisting of interconnected micro-, meso- and macro-structures. Microstructure is the structure of the asphalt binder (filler + asphalt)...